PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
215-233-5
SMILES
[Y+3].[Y+3].[OH2-2].[OH2-2].[OH2-2]
CLASSIFICATION
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
GENERAL DESCRIPTION & EXTERNAL LINKS
Wikipedia Linking:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium(III)_oxide
http://minerals.usgs.gov/
Domestic Production and Use: The rare-earth element yttrium was not mined in the United States in 2009. All yttrium metal and compounds used in the United States were imported. Principal uses were in phosphors for color televisions and computer monitors, temperature sensors, trichromatic fluorescent lights, and x-ray-intensifying screens. Yttria-stabilized zirconia was used in alumina-zirconia abrasives, bearings and seals, high-temperature refractories for continuous-casting nozzles, jet-engine coatings, oxygen sensors in automobile engines, simulant gemstones, and wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant cutting tools. In electronics, yttrium-iron garnets were components in microwave radar to control high-frequency signals. Yttrium was an important component in yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser crystals used in dental and medical surgical procedures, digital communications, distance and temperature sensing, industrial cutting and welding, nonlinear optics, photochemistry, and photoluminescence. Yttrium also was used in heating-element alloys, high-temperature superconductors, and superalloys. The approximate distribution in 2008 by end use was as follows: phosphors (all types), 87%; ceramics, 10%; metallurgy, 2%; and electronics and lasers, 1%.
http://nanotoxcore.mit.edu
The responses of cells exposed to nanoparticles have been studied with regard to toxicity, but very little attention has been paid to the possibility that some types of particles can protect cells from various forms of lethal stress. It is shown here that nanoparticles composed of cerium oxide or yttrium oxide protect nerve cells from oxidative stress and that the neuroprotection is independent of particle size. The ceria and yttria nanoparticles act as direct antioxidants to limit the amount of reactive oxygen species required to kill the cells. It follows that this group of nanoparticles could be used to modulate oxidative stress in biological systems......
http://mdl.skku.ac.kr/
A new gate-stack which consists of tungsten (W) deposited by low-pressure chemical-vapor deposition and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) deposited by RF reactive magnetron sputtering has been investigated as an alternate gate electrode/gate dielectric structure for ULSI metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs). The crystallinity of the yttrium oxide lms was enhanced when the substrate temperature was increased during reactive sputtering. The dielectric constant of Y2O3 deposited at room temperature was higher and the leakage current was lower than those deposited at elevated temperatures. Although reactive sputtering deposition and annealing of Y2O3 led to the growth of an intermediate SiO2 layer at the Y2O3/Si interface, W/Y2O3( 330 A)/SiO2( 45 A)/Si MIS capacitors showed a high e ective dielectric constant of 14 18 and good electrical properties..........
APPEARANCE
99.0% min
99.9% min
HAZARD OVERVIEW
GHS (Globally Harmonised System) Classification: Skin irritation. Eye irritation. Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure. Hazard statements: Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation.
GHS
PICTOGRAMS
HAZARD STATEMENTS
H315-H319-H335
P STATEMENTS
P261-P305 + P351 + P338
RISK PHRASES
36/37/38
SAFETY PHRASES
26-36